The School of Basic Medical Sciences at Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center was formerly known as the School of Basic Medicine at Xi’an Medical University. Established in 1937, the school was approved to grant master’s degrees and doctoral degrees by the State Council's Academic Degrees Committee in 1979 and 1981 respectively.

These days, it provides undergraduate programs, master's programs, doctoral programs and post-doctoral programs in basic medicine and biology; master's programs and doctoral programs in pharmacology; and post-doctoral programs in pharmacology.

The school currently has 15 departments, institutes, and centers with a total of 256 faculty and staff, who are responsible for basic course education for undergraduates, graduate students and overseas students.

It has been involved in the "national talents cultivation program 2.0", which trains outstanding students majoring in basic medicine.

The Institute of Translational Medicine, which is based on basic medicine, has six subordinate bodies specializing in molecular transformation, infection and immunity, brain science, cardiovascular disease, genetics and development and medical engineering. It has produced many excellent achievements.

The school focuses on originality and application as well as making contributions to the country. It aims to establish a first-class basic medicine discipline which is leading in the northwestern area, the whole country and even the world.